Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options of Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the circulation. Kidney disease is referred to as “chronic” because kidney function gradually declines over time. CKD can progress to renal failure, commonly known as end-stage kidney disease. It is a chronic illness that worsens with time. In severe stages, CKD can cause renal failure, which needs dialysis or a kidney transplant.

What Exactly Are the Five Phases of Chronic Renal Disease?

Chronic kidney disease has five phases. The phases are determined by how well your kidneys filter waste from your blood. The stage of CKD is determined by blood and urine testing.

The phases vary from moderate (stage 1) to severe (stage 5). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is used by doctors to identify the stage of your kidney function. The quantity of creatinine, a waste product, in your blood, determines your GFR.

Symptoms of Chronic Renal Disease:

It is important to recognize that kidney disease is a silent disease and symptoms only present late once significant kidney function loss has happened 

• Feeling more thirsty and frequent urination.
• Fatigue, weakness, and low energy levels persist.
• Appetite loss and unexplained weight loss.
• Fluid retention causes swelling in the hands, feet, or ankles.
• Breathing difficulties and shortness of breath.
• Protein loss may result in foamy or frothy urine.
• In the morning, puffy eyelids and facial edema.
• Dry, itchy skin with darkening.
• Muscle cramping, difficulty focusing, and sleep difficulties.
• Nausea, vomiting, and overall weakness.

Conditions and Causes:

• Diabetes (high blood sugar).
• Hypertension (high blood pressure).
• Glomerulonephritis (inflammation of the filter of the kidney).
• Polycystic kidney disease (Development of hereditary cysts).
• Membranous nephropathy (damage to the membrane of the filter of the kidney).
• Obstructions of the urinary system and kidney stones.
• Urine backflow to the kidneys (vesicoureteral reflux).
• Nephrotic syndrome (Damage to the filter of the kidney, leading to leaking protein).
• Recurrent kidney infections.
• Autoimmune disorders of the kidney.

Who is at Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease?

Chronic renal disease may affect anyone. You are more likely to develop chronic kidney disease if you:

• Have Diabetes
• If you suffer from high blood pressure.
• Have a heart problem.
• Have had kidney stones or infections
• Have a history of renal illness in your family.
• Have a kidney structure or size that is abnormal.
• Are over the age of 60.
• Have a history of using painkillers.

Diagnosis and Tests:

A variety of tests are used to diagnose CKD. Blood tests determine kidney function by measuring parameters such as serum creatinine levels, which are used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Urine tests are used to detect the presence of protein or blood. Ultrasound, MRI, CT scans, and kidney biopsies are additional studies that may be used to assess kidney anatomy and disease.

 

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Treatment

The treatment primarily seeks to decrease the course of the disease and control accompanying consequences. Patients with impaired kidney function should see a nephrologist or renal specialist frequently for continual monitoring. They will be prescribed medication based on the patient’s condition.  Diabetics must carefully monitor their blood sugar levels and control them well to avoid additional kidney damage. To protect renal function, patients should avoid drugs that may aggravate kidney disorders and successfully manage blood pressure and proteinuria. 

A healthy lifestyle that includes frequent exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and adhering to prescribed medicines is essential in CKD treatment. 

In cases of end-stage renal disease, treatment options may include dialysis or kidney transplantation, providing feasible choices for reducing the condition’s impact and improving quality of life.

Epitome Hospital in Delhi: Leading Kidney Care Center

Epitome Hospital is one of the best Kidney Transplant Hospitals in Delhi. Dr. Vijay Kher, who has performed over 5000 successful kidney transplants, is the best Nephrologist in Delhi and is known for his expertise and compassion towards his patients.  Epitome Hospital is a light of hope for patients suffering from kidney illnesses or kidney failure, providing proper diagnostics, innovative therapies, and compassionate care. The hospital offers skilled care for kidney-related disorders, whether for consultation, diagnosis, or specialized treatment.

Conclusion

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a disorder in which kidney function steadily declines, compromising the body’s waste elimination capacity. Early identification and preventive measures such as frequent medical check-ups, controlling underlying illnesses such as diabetes and high blood pressure, following a healthy diet, and leading a healthy lifestyle can greatly delay its progression. The progression of CKD may entail several phases, and in severe instances, dialysis or kidney transplants may be required. Individuals can improve their quality of life while addressing the problems associated with this illness by adopting proactive efforts.