Bladder Cancer

Did you know about bladder cancer?

Bladder cancer is 10^th most common cancer worldwide. In India, the GLOBOCAN DATABASE 2020 includes bladder cancer in the top 20. If diagnosed in the early stages, this form of cancer has good cure rates. Located in the lower abdomen and pelvis, the bladder is a hollow balloon like organ, that stores urine.

Signs of Bladder cancer

1. Blood while passing urine. This is the most alarming symptom of bladder cancer. The amount of blood can vary from person to person. Some patients may have massive amount of blood in the urine along with passage of blood clots, while others might have a tiny amount of bleeding, and some may not even see the blood. Instead, it is found on routine urine examination. Blood in the urine is never considered normal until proven otherwise. Some patients might continue to bleed for several days while others might pass blood just once and repeat symptom 6 months later, so the frequency is variable. Do consult a Urologist if you experience such symptoms.
2. Pain while passing urine.
3. Increased frequency and urgency to pass urine.
4. Lower back pain in advanced stages.

Risk factors

1. The biggest risk factor of bladder cancer is tobacco in any form like cigarettes, gutka, pan, bidi etc. It has been widely studied that smoking significantly increases risk of bladder cancer. Quitting smoking lowers the risk. Studies show that after ten years, many former smokers’ risk of bladder cancer decreases by half
2. Occupational exposures to some chemicals to the individuals working in dye industries, rubber industries, chemical and paint industries etc.
3. Chronic bladder infections such as prolonged UTI etc.
4. Age and gender – The incidence rates of bladder cancer in old age and males are higher, although it’s a non-modifiable risk factor.
5. Previous cancer episodes – People who have undergone previous cancer treatments may have an increased risk of having bladder cancer due to earlier exposure to chemotherapy and radiation therapy
6. People who have a history of bladder cancer within their family have a higher chance of contracting this cancer.

Prevention

1. The best way of the prevention is the cessation of smoking. Stay away from the smoking and tobacco in any form. bladder cancer rates in non-smokers and former smokers are lower compared to smokers.
2. Take precautionary measures while working in the hazardous conditions such as dye industries, rubber industries, chemical industries etc. Use of gloves, facemask, proper dressing as needed for job, avoiding prolonged direct exposure to carcinogenic material if possible
3. Consult your Urologist immediately if you notice blood while passing urine. Although there are other causes of passing blood in urine like stones and infections, it is necessary to investigate and rule out bladder cancer especially in the elderly.
4. If you have been cured from previous episodes of cancer, following up with your treating oncological team and taking regular care are the best ways to prevent.
5. Following a healthy lifestyle is the best way that you can prevent cancer. Regular health check-ups (at least annually) are essential after the age of 45.

Bladder cancer is a serious medical condition that requires prompt attention and early detection. Knowing the risk factors and recognizing the symptoms can aid in early diagnosis and better treatment outcomes. Regular check-ups, a healthy lifestyle, and avoiding smoking can significantly reduce the risk of developing bladder cancer.

If you or someone you know is experiencing any symptoms related to bladder cancer, it is essential to consult a Urologist for a proper evaluation and personalized treatment plan. With advances in medical science, there is hope for a brighter future for individuals battling bladder cancer.

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